Why Choose Java Over C & C++ in 2024?

Hey, there Folks it’s another blog from ADMEC Multimedia Institute and in today’s article we are discussing why we have Java I mean we had C and C++ what was the need to learn Java at that time? If you have anything good doesn’t mean you don’t want something better. Yes C++ was good, it had the combined potential of C and Simula 67 but there’s always a way to innovate and make good things better. 

Java revolutionized the programming landscape by refining features and introducing fatalities and enhanced security, Java addressed key drawbacks of its predecessors. Enrolling in a reputable web development institute in Delhi can provide structured learning to harness Java’s potential for career growth in software development.

That’s what Java did; it offered good features and removed the unnecessary and complex features. Bear with me for the time being and let me tell you why and how it happened.

Table of Content

Before we start, let’s know about the history of C, C++, and JAVA.

History of C

• C was developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 at Bell Laboratories of AT&T in the USA. 
• The main reason behind the development of C was to overcome the problems of the previous programming languages but it also inherited the best features they had. 
• C is used in the UNIX operating system. 
• C is considered a Mid-level- Level Language as it combines the features of Low and high-level languages.

History of C++

• C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Laboratories of AT&T in the USA. 
• C++ is a combination of C and Simula 67. 
• Object Oriented Programming Language’s first program in Simula 67. 
• At first, C++ was called C with classes as it had everything that C offered but with additional features of Simula 67. 
• It was later renamed as C++. Any code that works in C is valid and will work in C++ as well.

With a market share of 6.92%, C/C++ can be used to write high-level code.

Orient Software

History of Java

Java is among the most widely used programming languages, with a significant developer community.  Developer Nation reports a staggering 17.1 million individuals proficient in Java as of 2023.

Developer Nation

Indeed, Java is not new; its roots trace back to the end of the 20th century. Let’s learn about its history, and how and when it was developed. 

Java was developed by James Gosling in 1995. He started this project with Mike Sheridan and Patrick Naughton in 1991 with a small group of engineers called Green Team. 

A Twist for JAVA

At the beginning it was not developed for use in web technology instead it was developed for digital devices like set-top boxes, televisions, etc. but they soon realized the potential Java had that it was best suited for internet programming and later Netscape incorporated Java.

At first, Java was called Greentalk with a file extension of .gt and after that, it was renamed as Oak as it symbolizes strength. 

In 1995 it was again renamed Java because of its uniqueness and it’s just a name, not an acronym.

The First Stable Version of Java

23, January 1996, JDK 1.0 was launched.

Here are some basic comparisons between the three programming languages. 

Differences between C and C++

C	C++
Procedural Programming Language	Supports both Procedural and Object Programming Language Paradigms
Function driven	Object driven
Lacks the OOPs concept it does not support polymorphism, encapsulation, and inheritance	Being an Object Oriented Programming Language it supports polymorphism, encapsulation, and inheritance
Data behaves as a free entity and can be manipulated by any outside source	Encapsulation hides the data
Does not support function or operator overloading and lacks the namespace feature	It supports both function and operator overloading and has the namespace feature

Differences Between C and Java

C	JAVA
Procedural Programming Language	Object Programming Language
It acts as a binding between machine and high-level language: hence it’s a mid-level language	Code is translated into machine language by an interpreter or compiler; hence it’s a high-level language
Variables are declared at the top	Variables can be declared anywhere
A free variable is used for clearing memory in C	Compiles automatically call the garbage collector
Does not support threading	Supports threading
Supports pointers	Does not support pointers
The garbage collector is manually set	Garbage Collectors work automatically
No function overloading	Supports overloading
Supports call by value and reference	Only supports call-by-value

Differences Between C++ and Java

C++	Java
No strict relationship between the class name and the filename	Strict relation is forced between class name and filename
Easy input-output statements cin and court	Complex input-output statements as it only reads one byte at a time
Only supports compiler	Supports both compiler and interpreter
Compatibility with C source code	On compatibility with any language
Code once compile anywhere	Code once compiled any and everywhere
Supports both Procedural and Object Programming Language Paradigms	Only supports OOPs concept only
Memory management is done by the programmer	Memory management is system-controlled
No root hierarchy	Single root hierarchy
Multiple Inheritance	Does not have multiple inheritances
Has scope resolution operator for defining methods outside the class	Method has to be inside a class
It supports structure	The method has to be inside a class

Features of C Language

1. Simplicity: C is a very simple language and it provides a structured approach to breaking down everything into code blocks.

2. Machine Independent: C can be executed on different machines with very subtle changes.

3. Mid-Level Language: C is a combination of low and high-level language. It is handed as the development of system applications.

4. Inbuilt Functions: C has a very rich library that offers inbuilt functions.

5. Free Function: memory can be cleared by calling a simple function.

6. Pointers: By using pointers we can directly interact with the memory. It can be used for structure, memory functions, etc.

7. Recursion: In C we can call any function inside any function.

Enroll in the C language course to learn over a dozen of programming concepts in our master classes on C by experts like Mr. Ravi a lead web and data educator, at ADMEC.

Features of C++

1. Simplicity: C++ is a very simple language and it provides a structured approach to breaking down everything into code blocks.

2. Machine Independent: Its platform is not independent, but can be used on different machines.

3. Full On C: C++ supports most of the source code from C with an extension to add OOPs to any code.

4. Procedural and Object Oriented: C++ supports both Procedural and Object Programming Language Paradigms

5. Compiler: All C++ programs need to be compiled to get the output.

6. It is recursive: Compilation and execution of the programs is very fast.

7. Similar to C: C + + also offers the use case of pointers and memory management.

8. Secure: C++ offers better data security than C.

Register for the C++ language course and gain mastery over numerous programming concepts. Join Now!

Features of Java

1. Simple: Java is fairly easy to learn and it doesn’t have any complex and least-used features.

2. OOPs: Java is an Object Object Oriented Programming Language.

3. Platform Independent: Unlike C and C++ Java is platform independent as it runs on a software-based platform. 

4. Runtime Environment: Application Programming Interface(API)

5. Security: Java offers one of the most secure development because of 

• It has no pointer
• Its programs run inside a virtual machine sandbox
• It uses a classloader to load classes in a virtual machine sandbox

6. Java is robust: Java is comparatively faster than other languages but slower than the compiled languages like C++.

7. Java is multi-threaded: Let’s take a look at the applications of C, C++, and Java. Since C++ was born out of C most of its applications remain the same.

Applications of C and C++

Every programmer should learn these languages. They are building blocks or gateways to programming, which will help in developing programming skills.

• Useful for any hardware-independent project
• Useful for compiler production projects
• Used for developing operating systems.
• Used in embedded systems.
• Used in the development of databases.
• Used for developing system and desktop applications.
• Used in programming routers, switches, and space probes.

Applications of Java

• Used for building Android apps.
• Application development.
• Best for software development.
• applied for the development of scientific applications
• Used for the server side.

Since both C++ and Java are Object Oriented Programming languages at that time C++ was only a competitor to Java. Let’s see why.

Why is Java better than C++?

1. Automatic Garbage Collection

Java’s Garbage Collection is one of its selling points unlike C++ where we need to manage the memory manually Java automatically does this for us. Any memory occupied by an unused function or object is cleared by GC(Garbage Collector).

2. Too Much Time

Builds in Java take significantly less time when compared to C++ and debugging is also a very time-consuming process in C++ while it’s very fast in Java.

3. Code Splits

C++ unnecessarily splits the source and it becomes hard to find the files with extensions of .hpp and .cpp it breaks the code into multiple places. But with Java, it is only .java and .class extensions.

4. Classloader

Java has a classloader that loads the classes to the virtual machine. Java has a binary standard whereas C++ lacks it.

5. Linking

With Java, you can link the different classes with each other and call upon them when required but there is no way to do the same in C++.

6. Speed 

Although C++ being a compiled language is still faster than Java, automatic Garbage Collection provides it an edge.

Why is Java So Popular?

It’s been 26 years and Java still is a very popular and in-demand language that tells a lot about the foundations of the language. Many popular software have been written and developed using Java like NetBeans.

Since Java is platform-independent it means it can run on any operating system as long as the system has JRE. Old codes still run on the latest JVMs and get boosted for speed. 

Java is very simple and it has a lot of inbuilt functions without which its programs won’t run. It has 50 keywords and Java API has thousands of classes with tons of methods to choose from.

Few Stats Related to JAVA

In 2024, Java will remain a cornerstone of the programming landscape, with 30.55% of developers globally relying on its versatility and power. This enduring preference highlights Java’s status as a leading programming language for over three decades.

Stratoflow

Recent research reveals a burgeoning global developer community, comprising approximately 27 million individuals. Remarkably, nearly 8 million of these developers specialize in Java, reflecting the language’s enduring popularity and widespread adoption.

Skillvertex

The demand for Java developers remains robust, with projections indicating the creation of over 18.7 million jobs in the field from 2024 to 2026.

LinkedIn

Programming In Java

Java is fairly easy and has quite simple syntax. Any block of code can be executed anywhere and anytime. It can be used to create full-scale applications which can be used across multiple platforms. Therefore, the best choice for building software or an application that requires cross-platform compatibility for users. It has the best and biggest growing community so finding an answer to any question is also easy. You get lots of help and documentation.

Why You Should Learn JAVA in 2024

Well as we have already seen it has potential and is not going anywhere in future years it offers a lot of potential job opportunities to the young developers out there or for those who aspire to become developers Java can be your best bet as it will open a doorway to the:

• Mobile App Development
• Software Development
• Application Development
• Scientific Application Development
• Backend Language for Web Development.

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In summary, Java emerged as a game-changer amidst the dominance of C and C++, offering streamlined features, enhanced security, and platform independence. Its automatic garbage collection, faster build times, and simplified code management addressed key drawbacks of its predecessors. Java comes with lots of built-in libraries that help developers make cross-domain applications easily, thus making it the first choice of developers.  

Enrolling in a reputable web development institute in Delhi like ADMEC Multimedia, you can have structured learning to leverage Java’s potential for career growth in software development.